Vermicompost and zeolite improve yield, nutrient uptake, essential and fixed oil production, and composition of Nigella sativa L.

The exogenous application of organic and natural inputs is a key strategy for producing healthy high-quality crops in sustainable agricultural systems. Black cumin ( Nigella sativa L.) highly popular plant used worldwide the medical food industries. According to authors' knowledge, no research has been published examine effects zeolite vermicompost on yield components, nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), potassium (K) contents seeds, essential fixed oil contents, or composition black system. In semi-arid area Iran 2017 2018, an experiment with full factorial layout was conducted using randomized complete block design three replications. experimental treatments included four rates (0, 2, 4, 6 tons ha −1 ) 3, 6, 9 ). There were linear responses between either majority attributes studied. integrated treatment produced maximum seed biological yields (466.2 3716.7 kg , respectively). utilization increased N, P, K by 13.5%, 10.8%, 14.1%, respectively, compared control. Seed content enhanced 24.1% plots treated untreated use resulted higher production unsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic (53.3%), oleic (25.36%), linolenic acid (0.6%) oil. Overall, both quantity quality improved when 2 consecutive years. This showed agronomic potential amendments promising environmentally friendly